Data Types

Data Types

Data types define what information is stored

The most used of them are:

int	Whole number.
double	Floating point number.
string	Sequence of characters (text). In order to be used the line #include<string> must be added.
char	Represents a single symbol.
bool	Can have only 2 values - true or false.

Reading And Printing Data

• cin - reading data, followed by >> operator.
• cout - printing data, followed by << operator.

In order to use them the line #include<iostream> needs to be added.

Variables

The variables are used to store data of certain type.

Their value can be changed any time.

Example of variables definitions:

#include <string> using namespace std; int main() { // Declaring variable with value: int num1 = 5; // Declaring variable and setting value later: int num2; num2 = -3; // String values are set between double quotes. string name = "Alex"; // Char values are set between single quotes. char letter = 'c'; bool boolVariable1 = true; bool boolVariable2 = false; }

Basic program example:

Write a program that prints "Starting the program." Afterwards it must read a word and print it back.

Solution:

// So strings can be used: #include <string> // So cin and cout can be used: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { cout << "Starting the program." << endl; // Read user's input: string read; cin >> read; // Print back the user's input: cout << read; }

Input:

blue

Output:

Starting the program. blue

Explanation:

• #include<iostream> is added so cin and cout can be used.
• << endl is used to print a new line.