Traits

Traits can contain members, methods and abstract methods

Class can inherit only one class but one class can use many traits.

Traits can be used to implement multiple behaviours in one class.

Syntax

Declaring trait:

trait TraitName { // code }

Using trait:

use TraitName;

Example

<?php trait Person { private $name; private $age; public function introduce() { echo "Hello, I am " . $this->name . " and " . "I am " , $this->age . " years old. \n"; } } trait ReceivesGrades { private $grades = []; public function addGrade($grade) { // add element to the array $this->grades[] = $grade; } public function getGrades() { // show grades in one row (like A, E, C ...) return implode(', ', $this->grades); } } class Student { use Person, ReceivesGrades; public function __construct($name, $age) { $this->name = $name; $this->age = $age; } } $student = new Student("Clover", 16); $student->addGrade("A"); $student->addGrade("C"); $student->addGrade("B"); $student->introduce(); echo "My grades are: " . $student->getGrades();

Result:

Hello, I am Clover and I am 16 years old. My grades are: A, C, B

Explanation

• At line 29 the class Student uses both of the templates.
• This means that the Student class inherits all of the traits members and functions.