If Else Statements

else - to execute code block if condition is not met.

else if - to check alternative condition if the main one is false.

Syntax

else

if (condition) { // code to execute if condition is true. } else { // code to execute if condition is false. }

else if

if (condition1) { // code to execute if condition1 is true. } else if (condition2) { // code to execute if condition1 is false and condition 1 is true. } else { // code to execute if condition1 and condition2 are false. }

Else Example

Let's look at a program that checks whether speed is above or below the speed limit for cities (50 km/h).

<?php $speed = 60; if ($speed <= 50) { echo "Below Limit"; } else { echo "Above Limit"; }

Output:

Above Limit

Since the condition at line 4 is false, the code inside else block executes.

Else If Example

Let's have a program that categorizes a person depending on his/her height.

Rules are the following:

• below 160cm - short
• between 160cm to 185 cm - medium
• above 185 cm - tall

<?php $height = 172; if ($height <= 160) { echo "short"; } else if ($height <= 185) { echo "medium"; } else { echo "tall"; }

Output:

medium

Since the condition at line 4 is false and the condition at line 7 is true, the code inside else if block executes.